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ALTERNATIVETHERAPIESjulaug2011VOL.17NO.49FootReHexologyinCoronaryArteryDiseasecirculationandpromotespeciGcbodilyandmuscularfunctions.Ithasbeenestimatedthatmorethan20millionAmericanshaveseenreportsoftheeffectivenessofreHexologyontelevisionandhavereadaboutthisnaturaltechniqueofhealinginnationalmagazinesandnewspapers.23Severalboo5shavebeenwrittentopropagatethereju-venationeffectsofreHexology.24-26ThoughWangetal27reviewedGvestudiesofreHexologyintheliteratureandconcludedthatthereisnoevidenceforanyspeciGceffectofreHexologyinanyconditionswiththeexceptionofurinarysymptomsassociatedwithmultiplesclerosisothershaveshownsigniGcanteffectsusingreHexology.ThefeetarethemostcommonareastreatedwithreHexology.24Sudmeieretal28showedthatfootreHexologyFRiseffectiveinchangingrenalbloodflow.Stephensonetal2930haveshownthatFRcanrelievepaininpatientswithmetastaticcanceranddecreaseanxietyinpatientswithbreastandlungcancer.ErgonomicallycreatedfootwearalsohasbeeninventedtoproviderelaxationreduceswellinginducebloodHowandrejuvenatethemusclesandnervesinthean5leandfootarea.31Sincepatientswithanxietyorpainareexpectedtohaveanele-vatedsympatheticandadepressedvagalmodulation3233itispossi-blethattreatmentwithFRcanlowersympatheticmodulationandraisevagalmodulation.Itisthereforeworthyofinvestigatingwheth-erFRcanhaveaneffectontheautonomicnervousmodulationinnormalcontrolsandinpatientswithCAD.MATERIALSx0ANDx0METHODSStudyx0ParticipantsCoronaryarteriographywasperformedinpatientswithanginapectorisunstableanginapreviousmyocardialinfarctionorotherevidenceofmyocardialischemia.Apanelofcardiologistsinterpretedtheangiograms.Thecoronaryarteriesandbranchesweredividedinto15segmentsaccordingtotheAdHocCommitteeforGradingofCoronaryArteryDiseaseoftheAmericanHeartAssociation.34OnlytheluminalnarrowinginthefollowingsegmentswasusedintheGnalassessmentsegment1-3fortherightcoronaryarterysegments6and7fortheleftanteriordescendingbranchsegments11and12forthecircumHexbranchandsegment5fortheleftmaincoronaryartery.ByconGningtheanalysistothesesegmentsaloneonlythosepatientswhohadsigniGcantobstructioninthemainepicardialcoro-naryarterieswereincludedinthisstudy.StenosiswasconsideredtobesigniGcantifaluminalnarrowing50waspresent.Patientswithoutstenosisorwithluminalnarrowing140mmHgordiastolicbloodpressure90mmHg.35HyperlipidemiawasdeGnedastotalcholesterol200mgdLorlowdensitylipoproteincholesterol100mgdL.36Patientswhohadatri-alGbrillationorcoexistingvalvularheartdiseaseorwereusingclassIantiarrhythmicmedicationwereexcludedfromthisstudy.Allpar-ticipantswererequestedtorefrainfromalcoholorcaffeineingestion24hoursbeforethestudy.ThehospitalInstitutionalReviewBoardapprovedthisstudy.Theprocedurewasfullyexplainedtothepartic-ipantsandwritteninformedconsentwasobtainedfromthembeforethestudy.EquipmentTheelectrocardiogramECGsignalswererecordedusingamultichannelrecorderBiopacMP150with16channelsMP150CEUIM100CECG100CBIOPACSystemsIncGoletaCaliforniafromconventionalleadIIandbloodpressurewasmeasuredbyusingasphygmomanometerkenlu-modelk-300SphygmomanometerDiTaiPrecisionEntCoLtdkaohsiungCityTaiwanoneachpartici-pantlyinginasupineposition.TheanalogsignalsofECGweretransformedtodigitalsignalsbyusingananalog-to-digitalconverterwithasamplingrateof400Hz.SystolicbloodpressureSBPdia-stolicbloodpressureDBPmeanarterialbloodpressureMABPandpulsepressurePPwereobtainedfromeachparticipantbeforeFRusingthesphygmomanometer.Studyx0ProtocolBeforeFReachparticipantrestedinasupinepositionfor5minutesandthen10minutesofcontinuousECGsignalsandbloodpressuredatawererecorded.AfterbaselineECGrecordingandbloodpressuremeasurementtheparticipantreceivedFRfor60minutes.TheECGrecordingandbloodpressuremeasurementswererepeated30and60minutesafterFR.Allprocedureswereper-formedinabrightandquietroomwitharoomtemperatureof24oCto25oCandhumidityof54to55.FRwasperformedonparticipantslyinginacomfortablesupinepositionbyacertifiedfootreflexologistfromtheTaiwanAssociationofReHexologyusingthetechniquesofFatherJosefx19sFR.37ThereHexologistusedthethumbandGngerstoapplypressuretostimulateallreHexzonesinbothfeetwhichcorrespondtoallorgansglandsandbodyparts.ThetechniqueofthethumbandGn-gersresemblesacaterpillar-li5eactioninreHexology.38GrapeseedoilisusedduringFRtopreventfrictionandpossiblediscomfortbecauseitisnonstic5yandodorlessandabsorbseasilyintothes5in.3940Heartx0Ratex0Variabilityx0AnalysisR-wavex13detectingsoftwarewrittenwiththehelpofMatlabR13softwareMathWor5sIncNatic5Massachusettswasusedtoiden-tifythepea5softheRwavesintherecordedECGsignals.TheRRintervalsthetimeintervalsbetweentwoconsecutiveRwavesintheelectrocardiogramRRIwerethencalculatedaftereliminatingecto-picbeats.Ifthepercentageofectopicbeatswasgreaterthan5thentheparticipantwasexcludedfromanalysis.Thelast512stationaryRRIwereusedforHRVanalysis.ThemeanstandarddeviationSDRRandcoefGcientofvaria-tionCVRRofthe512stationaryRRIwerecalculatedusingastan-dardformulaforeachparticipant.ThepowerspectraofRRIwereobtainedbymeansoffastFouriertransformationMathcadMathsoftIncCambridgeMassachusetts.Directcurrentcompo-nentwasexcludedbeforethecalculationofthepowers.Theareaunderthecurveofthespectralpea5swithintherangeof0.01-0.4Hz0.01-0.04Hz0.04-0.15Hzand0.15-0.40HzweredeGnedasthe